ICVA's Competencies document organizes the exam into four domains: Clinical Practice; Communications; Professionalism, Practice Management, and Wellness; and Preventive Medicine and Animal Welfare, each broken into specific, concrete competency statements (tasks you must be able to perform, not just topics to recognize). Pair it with the Species and Diagnoses document, which lists 13 species categories — canine, feline, equine, bovine, porcine, ovine/caprine, camelid/cervidae, poultry, pet birds, reptiles, aquatics, small mammals, and non-species-specific content — with example diagnoses organized by organ system within each. Canine and feline content together make up roughly half the exam, with equine and bovine adding another quarter or so; the remaining species make up a smaller but still meaningful share, so make sure to review them.